Introducción
Additivos de base biológica son ingredientes funcionales derivados total o parcialmente de recursos biológicos renovables y utilizados para modificar el procesamiento, el rendimiento, la apariencia, la estabilidad o el comportamiento al final de la vida útil de los plásticos y materiales relacionados. En la cadena de valor de los plásticos, sirven cada vez más como sustitutos drop-in de additivos de origen fósil o como ingredientes de nueva función que permiten formulaciones de menor carbono, mejor compatibilidad con biopolímeros y, en algunos casos, funcionalidades adicionales como rendimiento antimicrobiano, protector UV, antiestático o retardante de llama.
La categoría es amplia más que una sola clase química. Incluye plastificantes de base biológica, lubricantes, estabilizadores, tensioactivos, retardantes de llama, agentes antimicrobianos, agentes antiestáticos, agentes antivaho y modificadores de reología especializados, entre otros. La actividad comercial e investigadora se ha expandido rápidamente en envases, recubrimientos, adhesivos, lubricantes, cuidado personal, construcción, automoción y aplicaciones médicas, siendo el envasado el segmento de mayor demanda. La sostenibilidad es un impulsor central, pero el rendimiento, el coste, la certificación y la compatibilidad al final de la vida útil siguen siendo decisivos para su adopción.
Historia y desarrollo
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Referencias
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